{"id":1003,"date":"2017-12-21T00:32:08","date_gmt":"2017-12-20T16:32:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ntzyz.io\/?p=1003"},"modified":"2017-12-21T00:49:56","modified_gmt":"2017-12-20T16:49:56","slug":"use-systemd-nspawn-to-create-linux-container","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/2017\/12\/21\/use-systemd-nspawn-to-create-linux-container\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 systemd-nspawn \u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa Linux \u5bb9\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\ndiv.main > p {\n  text-indent: 2em;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"main\">\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 `systemd-nspawn` \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 systemd \u4f5c\u4e3a init \u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u4fbf\u6298\u817e\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u635f\u574f\u7684 Linux \u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528 Ubuntu 16.04 \u548c CentOS 7 \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff08\u867d\u7136\u6bd4\u8d77 Docker \u8fd8\u662f\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e Ubuntu\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6e90\u91cc\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u5230 `\/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604`\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo mkdir -p \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604\r\nwget http:\/\/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\/ubuntu-cdimage\/ubuntu-base\/releases\/16.04.3\/release\/ubuntu-base-16.04.1-base-amd64.tar.gz -O \/tmp\/rootfs.tgz\r\nsudo tar xpzf \/tmp\/rootfs.tgz -C \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>OK\uff0c\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab `systemd-nspawn` \u542f\u52a8\u7684 rootfs\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4fee\u6539 root \u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>chroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604 \/usr\/bin\/passwd root\r\necho ubuntu > \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604\/etc\/hostname<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528 `systemd-nspawn` \u6765\u201c\u542f\u52a8\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>systemd-nspawn -b -D \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604 --bind=\/lib\/firmware<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\uff01\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u5355\u5427\uff5e\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u6982\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>Spawning container ubuntu1604 on \/var\/lib\/machines\/ubuntu1604.\r\nPress ^] three times within 1s to kill container.\r\nsystemd 229 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN)\r\nDetected virtualization systemd-nspawn.\r\nDetected architecture x86-64.\r\n\r\nWelcome to Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS!\r\n\r\nSet hostname to <ubuntu>.\r\nFailed to install release agent, ignoring: No such file or directory\r\n[  OK  ] Listening on Journal Socket (\/dev\/log).\r\n[  OK  ] Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Paths.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Remote File Systems (Pre).\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Remote File Systems.\r\n[  OK  ] Listening on \/dev\/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.\r\n[  OK  ] Created slice System Slice.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Slices.\r\n[  OK  ] Created slice system-getty.slice.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Swap.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Encrypted Volumes.\r\n[  OK  ] Listening on Journal Socket.\r\n         Mounting Huge Pages File System...\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Sockets.\r\n         Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...\r\n         Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...\r\n         Starting Journal Service...\r\n         Mounting FUSE Control File System...\r\n[  OK  ] Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.\r\n[  OK  ] Mounted Huge Pages File System.\r\n[  OK  ] Mounted FUSE Control File System.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Local File Systems.\r\n         Starting Load\/Save Random Seed...\r\n[  OK  ] Started Load\/Save Random Seed.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Journal Service.\r\n         Starting Flush Journal to Persistent Storage...\r\n[  OK  ] Started Flush Journal to Persistent Storage.\r\n         Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...\r\n[  OK  ] Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.\r\n         Starting Update UTMP about System Boot\/Shutdown...\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target System Time Synchronized.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Update UTMP about System Boot\/Shutdown.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target System Initialization.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Basic System.\r\n         Starting Permit User Sessions...\r\n         Starting LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to \"ondemand\"...\r\n         Starting \/etc\/rc.local Compatibility...\r\n[  OK  ] Started Daily apt activities.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Timers.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Permit User Sessions.\r\n[  OK  ] Started \/etc\/rc.local Compatibility.\r\n[  OK  ] Started Console Getty.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Login Prompts.\r\n[  OK  ] Started LSB: Set the CPU Frequency Scaling governor to \"ondemand\".\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Multi-User System.\r\n[  OK  ] Reached target Graphical Interface.\r\n         Starting Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes...\r\n[  OK  ] Started Update UTMP about System Runlevel Changes.\r\n\r\nUbuntu 16.04.1 LTS ubuntu console\r\n\r\nubuntu login: \r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u867d\u7136\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u50cf\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86 sshd\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5219\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7 `systemd-nspawn` \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6865\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5 Google\u3002\u5173\u95ed\u5bb9\u5668\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u6267\u884c `systemctl poweroff` \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CentOS \u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u5c0f\u7684 rootfs\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece ISO \u4e2d\u89e3\u538b\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\r\n# \u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\r\nsudo -s\r\n\r\n# \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\r\nmkdir -p \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\r\nmkdir -p \/tmp\/iso\r\nmkdir -p \/tmp\/squashfs\r\nmkdir -p \/tmp\/rootfs\r\n\r\n# \u6302\u8f7d CentOS 7 \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8\r\nmount \/mnt\/Disk2\/OS\/Linux\/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1708.iso \/tmp\/iso\r\nmount \/tmp\/iso\/LiveOS\/squashfs.img \/tmp\/squashfs\r\nmount \/tmp\/squashfs\/LiveOS\/rootfs.img \/tmp\/rootfs\r\n\r\n# \u590d\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162_(:\u0437\u300d\u2220)_\r\ncp -pr \/tmp\/rootfs\/* \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\r\n\r\n# \u5378\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u955c\u50cf\r\numount \/tmp\/{rootfs,squashfs}\r\n\r\n# \u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e0b yum\r\nmkdir -p \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\/mnt\/iso\r\nmount --bind \/tmp\/iso \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\/mnt\/iso\r\n\r\nchroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 \/usr\/bin\/rpm -ivh --nodeps \/mnt\/iso\/Packages\/rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm\r\nchroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 \/usr\/bin\/rpm -ivh --nodeps \/mnt\/iso\/Packages\/yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm\r\n\r\n# \u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e0b\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6700\u5c0f\u5b89\u88c5\r\necho \"[cdrom]\r\nname=Install CD-ROM \r\nbaseurl=file:\/\/\/mnt\/iso\r\nenabled=0\r\ngpgcheck=1\r\ngpgkey=file:\/\/\/mnt\/iso\/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7\" > \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\/etc\/yum.repos.d\/cdrom.repo\r\n\r\nchroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 \/usr\/bin\/yum --disablerepo=\\* --enablerepo=cdrom -y reinstall yum\r\nchroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 \/usr\/bin\/yum --disablerepo=\\* --enablerepo=cdrom -y groupinstall \"Minimal Install\"\r\n\r\n# \u5220\u6389 ISO \u6e90\r\nrm \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\/etc\/yum.repos.d\/cdrom.repo\r\n\r\n# \u5378\u8f7d ISO\r\numount \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7\/mnt\/iso \/tmp\/iso\r\n\r\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e0b root \u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\r\nchroot \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 \/usr\/bin\/passwd root\r\n\r\n# \u8fdb\u5165\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u811a\u672c\r\nsystemd-nspawn -D \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 --bind=\/lib\/firmware << _END_POSTINSTALL_\r\n# \u6362\u6e90\uff0c\u5148\u5907\u4efd\r\nmv \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/CentOS-Base.repo \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/CentOS-Base.repo.backup\r\ncurl https:\/\/lug.ustc.edu.cn\/wiki\/_export\/code\/mirrors\/help\/centos\\?codeblock=3 > \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/CentOS-Base.repo\r\n\r\n# \u66f4\u65b0\r\nyum makecache\r\n# \u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u7f3a\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u2026\r\nyum install lvm2-libs -y\r\n\r\n# \u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u6389\r\nsystemctl disable auditd.service\r\nsystemctl disable kdump.service\r\nsystemctl disable multipathd.service\r\nsystemctl disable network.service\r\nsystemctl disable smartd.service\r\nsystemctl disable lvm2-monitor.service\r\nsystemctl disable sshd.service\r\n\r\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e locale\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u6587\u5c31\u7528 zh_CN.UTF-8\r\necho LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > \/etc\/locale.conf\r\n\r\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\r\necho CentOS-7 > \/etc\/hostname\r\n\r\n_END_POSTINSTALL_\r\n\r\n# \u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u673a\u4e86\uff08\uff08\uff08\r\nsystemd-nspawn -b -D \/var\/lib\/machines\/centos7 --bind=\/lib\/firmware\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div><b>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/b><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.archlinux.org\/index.php\/Systemd-nspawn\" target=\"_blank\">systemd-nspawn &#8211; ArchWiki<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.freedesktop.org\/software\/systemd\/man\/systemd-nspawn.html\" target=\"_blank\">systemd-nspawn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/fjkz\/0573c4683bd1bcef26b0\" target=\"_blank\">Create a rootfs environment for chroot building.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528 `systemd-nspawn` \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/2017\/12\/21\/use-systemd-nspawn-to-create-linux-container\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u4f7f\u7528 systemd-nspawn \u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa Linux \u5bb9\u5668<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[38],"tags":[75,10,74],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1003"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1019,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003\/revisions\/1019"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.ntzyz.io\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}